STI

What is STI?

STI’s (Sexually Transmitted Infections) are primarily caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites, they are most commonly transmitted mainly through sharing of sex toys, and unprotected anal, vaginal, and oral sex.

Some STIs can also be spread by skin-to-skin genital contact. These include pubic lice, chlamydia, genital warts, gonorrhea, syphilis, HPV, and herpes.

Why do they happen?

Most STI’s may be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites in high-risk individuals who:

• Have unprotected sex
• Have sex with multiple partners
• Have a history of STI’s
• Inject drugs

Some Common Symptoms of STI’s

• Sores or bumps on genitalia
• Painful urination
• Discharge from penis or vagina
• Unusual bleeding from the vagina
• Lower abdominal pain
• Swollen lymph nodes (usually in the groin)
• Fever

Symptoms may appear a few days after exposure but may take years before you notice them!

• Common types of STI’s
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
• Syphilis
• Genital Herpes
• Chlamydia
• Gonorrhea
• Trichomoniasis
• Hepatitis B

Tests to diagnose STI’s

If there is a history of exposure to STI’s, the following tests can help diagnose an STI:-

• Physical or Pelvic examination
• Blood test to detect HIV or other causative agents.
• Urine Test
• Fluid Test from Genital Sores

Precautions to prevent STI’s

STI’s are preventable, and here is how:

• Have safe sex by using adequate protection.
• Avoid having sex with multiple partners
• Get vaccinated
• Communicate with your partner about safe sex practices
• Opt for STD’s Pre-exposure prophylaxis (to reduce the risk of HIV).
• Men may consider circumcision.

When to see a doctor?

Many of the STI’s do not show symptoms, so every individual should not wait until symptoms appear before consulting with a Doctor/Healthcare provider.

If one suspects that they may have been exposed to a STI, they should consult a doctor immediately.